What tools are used by gemologists?

When a Gemological study of stones and other jewelry gemologists use a wide range of equipment:

- Refractometer – used to determine the coefficient of refraction of a mineral or jewelry insertion by the effect of light refraction.

- Time domain reflectometer – used for determining the reflection coefficient or the averaged value of the refractive index of the mineral or jewelry insertion through light reflection effect.

- Scales – are used to determine the product weight, of stones, inserts, and also for determining the specific gravity of stones, inserts, materials, jewelry.

- Magnifier – used for preliminary examination of minerals, jewelry inserts, jewelry, cutting and polishing raw materials; for the production of quality characteristics of jewelry inserts, jewelry, cutting and polishing raw materials; measuring magnifiers are used to estimate linear dimensions and proportions of jewelry.

Microscope is used for detailed examination of minerals, jewelry inserts, jewelry, cutting and polishing of raw materials (including advanced diagnostics); for photofixation of defects or characteristic feature; as a means of arbitration view in the formulation of qualitative characteristics.

- A polariscope is used to determine the anisotropy of minerals or jewelry inserts, can be used to determine the degree of dichroism.

- Monoskop – is used to determine asnosti anisotropic material the jewelry inserts.

- Dichroscope – used to determine dichroism and its extent in the material of the jewelry inserts.

- UV lamp – used to identify the effect of luminescence of the material of the jewelry insert in the ultraviolet and qualitative and/or diagnostic definitions based on it.

Endoscope – used to examine internal structures drilled pearls.

- Measuring device (e.g. measuring linear dimensions "Leveridge", "Presidium", calipers, and other) is used to determine the linear dimensions of the jewelry inserts and jewelry.

- Proportionsof – used to determine a metric (linear and angular) characteristics of jewelry and estimates of proportions.

- Gemological lamp standard lighting – used to create a standard illumination of the workplace gemologist.

- Additional means of illumination are used to create the required specific types of lighting (polarized light, monochromatic light, point lights) used in the diagnosis or assessment of jewelry.

Equipment, establishing special conditions for color evaluation of diamonds (GIA Gem Instruments DiamondDock, GIA Gem Instruments Diamond Lite, Spectrowave™ Diamond Grading Cabinet, and others)

- Sets standards for color and color atlases are used for determining color characteristics of diamonds, colored jewelry inserts (stones and pearls).

- Sets standards for the characteristics of purity are used to characterize the purity of the diamonds and other jewelry.

- The spectroscope – used to Express determination of the main spectral lines (absorption and fluorescent light) in the materials of jewelry.

Express-analyzer of the thermal conductivity of minerals (e.g. Gem tester, Diamond tester Moissanite-tester and others) – used to determine the comparative thermal conductivity of materials of jewelry.

Express-analyzer electrical conductivity (for example: Gold Tester Mizar™ Liquid Style Tester, GemOro® AuRACLE AGT Gold and Platinum Tester, the Indicator of the sample of gold "Clio-gold" and others) – used for assay (content of precious metal) jewellery alloy.

Express-analyzer of the spectral properties of minerals (example: HRD D-screen™, DiamondSure™, DiamondPLus™, SSEF IIa Diamond Illuminator™, Synthetic ruby identifier, etc.).

- Spectral analyzers (Raman-, Infrared-, Ultraviolet, and visible spectrum, x-ray fluorescence, Magnetic resonance, Catode fluorescent and others) are used for determining the composition, optical and electromagnetic properties of jewelry materials, allowing to identify the material, its processing, the origin, the localization of the place of origin.

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